Informations / References

On my blog, you can find different articles on the topic of time.


“What then is time? If no one asks me, I know what it is.
If I wish to explain to him who asks, I do not know.”

Saint Augustine, The confessions, Book XI, chapter XIV


TimeWorld 2019 | International Congress over Time

21, 22, 23 November 2019. City of Science and Industry, Paris
Youtube Channel

TimeWorld is a biennial international congress that invites visitors to a meeting with time. For its first edition in Paris, it questions the disciplines and professions for which time is a determining component. TimeWorld combines expertise and connected intelligences to generate new ideas in science. It exposes and animates time in all its forms, theoretical, applied and prospective.
The idea of TimeWorld was born from a discussion between Laurence Honnorat, company director, and Yann Mambrini, theoretical physicist and magician. Ways of thinking quickly emerged for to become TimeWorld’s today:

  • To approach time without cultural restraints, without thematic monotony.
  • To make a state of the art of time in the light of research and the panoply industrial applications.
  • Valuing the performance of collective intelligence in the contribution of operational solutions.
  • Track down the invariants of time and better understand what it is, ultimately.
Youtube Channel

Harvard University – Collection of Historical Scientific Instruments

Throughout human history, few ideas have eluded clear definition more than the concept of time. Time-related verbs abound: we find it, keep it, measure it, obey it, take advantage of it, waste it, save it, even kill it. We use common notions of it to construct and organize our lives, and yet, do we really know what time is?
This exhibition drew upon materials from several of Harvard’s important museum and library collections to explore answers given to that question in various ages by different world cultures and disciplines.
Themes included time finding from nature and time keeping by human artifice. We examined

  • cultural beliefs about the creation and end of time, the flow of time (cyclical or linear), and personal time as marked by rites of passage.
  • the power of keeping communal time through music, dance, work, and religious practice.
  • time’s representation in history and objects of collective memory, its personification in art, and its expression in biological evolution and the geological transformations of our planet.

Exhibition catalogue


International Watchmaking Museum (La Chaux-de-Fonds, CH)

The International Watchmaking Museum was inaugurated in 1974, but it took shape as early as the 19th century, as soon as the La Chaux-de-Fonds School of Watchmaking began to preserve pieces of both local and foreign provenance.
The internationality of the museum was already recognised when it was officially opened in 1902 on the premises of the Watchmaking School. La Chaux-de-Fonds has long been a town renowned throughout the world thanks to its industry.
The museum is almost entirely underground. It has been rewarded by the exceptional and avant-garde nature of its architecture. In 1976 it received the Council of Europe Museum prize and the Concrete Prize 1977.
In addition to its exhibition rooms, the Museum also has a Research and Documentation Centre and a Centre for the Conservation and Restoration of Ancient Watchmaking. The complex is integrated into a park, within a perimeter that includes the History Museum and the Fine Arts Museum.
The historical and contemporary collections are grouped together under the banner of “Man and Time”.
The audio guide is available online.


Below several French magazines have published special issues on this subject.


Is time passing too quickly?
From the debate on the change of time in Europe to the feelings of refugees (how to envisage the future when you live in the temporary?), from Trump, president of the snapshot, to Tanzania, which wants to set the record straight in its administration, from infernal rates to shifts on Mars, from the biological clock to mechanical clocks, the problem of time crosses all fields. Movie + Special page
Courrier international, December 2018


The paradoxes of time
Is time an illusion? Does time have an end? Is time a luxury? Is time the same for everyone?
Pour La Science, November 2018


The Invention of time
Understanding the nature of time, The observed time, Fabricated time, Measured time, From yesterday to today
Les Cahiers Science & Vie, Janvier 2013


Is time an illusion?
Time is easy to perceive, but difficult to define. It is modulated by our emotions in neuroscience, irreversible in statistical physics, only local in relativity, fluctuating in biology. Is it impossible to give a universal definition? For some physicists, time simply does not exist…
Pour La Science, November 2010


Does time exist? TED Ed 2018. Andrew Zimmerman Jones